IV Monitor Detects RT Infiltrations and Extravasations

A novel intravenous (IV) therapy monitor helps minimize the risks associated with adverse peripheral venous infiltration (PVI) and extravasation events.

The ivWatch (Williamsburg, VA, USA) Model 400 device is a non-invasive medical monitor that is based on a near-infrared (NIR) optical sensor that both illuminates the tissue next to the IV site, and detects the returned optical properties of the tissue. The optical sensor, which is placed in a disposable receptacle fixed next to the IV site, detects the amount of reflected light, which is dependent primarily on the scattering and absorption properties of the monitored tissue. Scattering occurs when a light particle is redirected due to interaction with a physical interference, such as accumulated fluids or hemoglobin in blood.


The optical NIR sensor is coupled to a monitor with a proprietary diagnostic algorithm that determines patient status, displayed on a highly intuitive, pole-mounted color liquid-crystal display (LCD). During an infiltration or PVI event, fluids in the subcutaneous tissue cause a significant change in light scattering, triggering an audible notification that alerts staff. If the infusion continues and the signal drops below the preset threshold, a red “CHECK IV” notification will appear on the monitor, indicating a probable infiltration. The algorithm is based on years of clinical and real-world research and data.

“It’s like a seatbelt; since it’s difficult to predict when an accident will occur, people wear their seatbelt for the duration of their travel,” said Gary Warren, President and CEO of ivWatch. “Similarly, since it’s difficult to predict when an infiltration will occur, and we know it occurs too frequently, the ivWatch Model 400 represents a seat belt for patients with an IV. Our continuous monitoring device not only improves patient safety, but can help minimize the risk and avoidable costs for health care provider organizations.”

Peripheral IV therapy is among the most common invasive hospital procedures performed worldwide. Complications include pain, discoloration, and irritation, and in severe cases may result in tissue necrosis, loss of function, amputation, or even death. To avoid IV failure, clinicians have defaulted to using other, more intrusive vascular access devices, such as peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC). Unfortunately, these devices also entail serious risks, such as central-line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI).

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