Interleukin Markers Found for Heart Disease

Studies have revealed that certain variations in the interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene increase the risk for heart disease. This finding may explain why some people without traditional risk factors suffer heart attacks.

Inflammation appears to be a crucial factor in the process that leads to heart disease and subsequent heart attacks. Studies conducted by Interlueken Genetics (Boston, MA, USA) have demonstrated that certain variations in the IL-1 gene can amplify inflammation in the arteries. The company has conducted clinical trials in more than 4,000 patients to evaluate IL-1 genetic markers and their relationship to coronary artery disease (CAD).

In one study, researchers evaluated the association of the IL-1 genetic marker with traditional and emerging risk factors for CAD in 500 patients undergoing testing at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN, USA). Subjects in this study under 60 with the IL-1 genetic variation were almost four times more likely to incur CAD. Another study, involving 1,900 subjects (aged 45-64) who were monitored for nine years, found that patients with IL-1 genetic variations were 2-3.3 times more likely to develop increased thickening of the arterial walls, an indication of CAD.

"Our studies demonstrate the value of using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in understanding the genetic components of common diseases,” said Philip R. Reilly, M.D., CEO at Interleukin Genetics. The company says a commercial test for the IL-1 factors could be available within a year. Prior knowledge of this genetic risk factor could prompt many people at risk to pay close attention to their cardiovascular health.