Robotic Bronchoscopy Enables Doctors to Biopsy Lung Nodules from Hard-to-Reach Areas

Bronchoscopy is a procedure commonly used to diagnose lung cancer and other lung diseases by biopsying lung nodules. Traditional bronchoscopy involves a doctor manually guiding a thin tube, known as a bronchoscope, through the patient's mouth or nose, past the vocal cords and windpipe, and into the lungs' passageways. The bronchoscope contains a light, camera, and biopsy tools that enable doctors to visually examine and biopsy nodules. Robotic bronchoscopy, also known as robotic-assisted bronchoscopy, is a recent advancement in bronchoscopy that allows doctors to examine and collect tissue samples from the hard-to-reach periphery of the lungs.

At Yale Medicine (New Haven, CT, USA), highly trained interventional pulmonologists and thoracic surgeons perform robotic bronchoscopy using the most up-to-date techniques. Robotic bronchoscopy, like traditional bronchoscopy, is a minimally invasive approach that enables doctors to biopsy nodules in the lungs. However, the robotic bronchoscopy procedure is different as a controller at a console is used by the doctor to operate a robotic arm that guides a catheter - a thin, flexible, and maneuverable tube fitted with a camera, light, and shape-sensing technology - through a patient's airways.

Individuals suited for robotic bronchoscopy undergo chest CT scans prior to the procedure. These scans enable doctors to identify nodules present in the airway. A virtual 3D image of the lungs and airways inside them is then generated using a robotic bronchoscopy system from the CT scans. The planning software of the system creates virtual pathways through the lung's airways to reach the nodules. During the procedure, doctors use these pathways to guide the robotic bronchoscope through the airways to examine and biopsy the nodules. The precise movements of the robotic arm allow physicians to steer the catheter around tight turns in the airways and reach the difficult-to-reach regions of the lungs. This allows healthcare providers to check for biopsy suspicious nodules and identify cancer in areas of the lungs that may be impossible to access using traditional bronchoscopy. Importantly, the robotic bronchoscopy procedure is safe, with rare serious complications and usually quick recovery times.

“Our highly trained interventional pulmonologists and thoracic surgeons will be performing robotic bronchoscopy at Yale,” said Yale Medicine interventional pulmonologist Sanket Thakore, MD. “They make lung cancer diagnosis and management the main focus of their practice. Additionally, they are on the cutting edge and use the most up-to-date techniques and technology to provide the highest level of care to their patients. For lung cancer patients, they work closely with other experts in the Thoracic Oncology Program to provide the best treatments and outcomes.”

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